Relationship LensEveryday Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Relationship LensEveryday Ethics - Essay Example This paper will use "Everyday Ethics" by Catharyn Baird as a guide to develop a personal ethical framework for the workplace. A number of ethical competencies need to be enhanced and developed in my profession. At the basic level it should involve anger management in order to avoid conflicts. Problems should be rectified in a smart and prudent manner. Further negative events in the workplace should be used as a stimulus to improve productivity and output. The ability of choosing how to live and work is called free will. We all decide on our own about how we will live our lives. Philosophers call this ability a gift of free will. The understanding of how to live our life is called self efficacy. This is another ethical competency that needs to be integrated in the workplace. As a professional I am answerable to the management, colleagues, and customers. I need to implement superior ethical principles which will assist in creating an efficient and effective work environment. In order to better handle our professional lives we should improve our self efficacy. Self efficacy is defined by Albert Bandura as an ability to handle different given types of performances. The people who have strong belief in their self efficacy will be ready to make choices in their lives according to the situation. They start believing that they are effective. With knowledge and learning our self efficacy can increase. In the event we find more satisfaction and we become effective ethical agents in our professional lives. Self efficacy helps to create superior relationships and associations with the stakeholders. Management, colleagues, and customers are the constituents to whom I am answerable. Workplace Integrity Integrity is about creating accountability and fairness in the workplace. This is accomplished through the pursuit of clear and precise objectives. I need to protect the information of the organization. It also means following honest and transparent procedures during work tasks and duties. Workplace Greatest Good The greatest good is achieved in the workplace by maintaining a balance between organizational interests and ethical dilemmas. I seek to create an ethical environment where the spirit of friendship, openness, and collaboration is promoted. Workplace Justice Justice inside the workplace should be implemented in a smart and prudent manner. It means that individuals should ensure that there is no discrimination or bias. As a professional, I seek to implement justice so that the work duties are distributed according to the skills and expertise of the workforce. Workplace Courage Workplace courage means that the employees should express their opinions and feedback in an open and constructive manner. I pursue these qualities in order to ensure the highest ethical and moral principles in the workplace. Future Perceptions and Career Different work situations can create cynicism in our minds and because of that self efficacy in our professional lives can become low. For example, if we are working in a manufacturing plant where we are only a part of system and not connected to our customers even in good times; we may start believing that we have no control over our economic lives. We feel

FINAL PROJECT MUSIC HISTORY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

FINAL PROJECT MUSIC HISTORY - Essay Example At a tender age of 6, I kept a record and memorized the lyrics of this and other two songs ‘You and Me Against the World’ and ‘Rainbow Connection’ to remind me of the value of hope and that there is always somebody I can count on to cheer me up when situations seemed unfair or depressing. Due to low self-esteem, I had a typical encounter of an unhappy childhood and whenever I heard these songs played, I could readily sense a point of deep connection that often encouraged me to ponder that sad moments are equally essential to life. Such inspiration would then drive me back to delight in playing again and forget what made me previously lose heart in the first place. When I grew to reach my adolescence, despite the prevailing contemporary music of my age, I kept getting engrossed to the old songs which were mostly favorites of my parents. They had a versatile taste of music ranging from the 50s up to the late 70s so at the time, I acquired varied influences among classic, rock n roll, ballad, rhythm and blues, and jazz. Being an adolescent, I realized having to deal with frequent emotional struggles made by confusion, insecurity, and some degree of identity crisis. Because this is such period of impulse and aggression, like the other youth, I desired to explore freedom of self-expression and means to satisfy curiosity on a number of objects. It was as if I always thought with pride that I was right on several respects so though I am a female, back then I possessed a rebellious attitude and wore semi-deviant or thrash outfit which depicted part of my inclination to alternative rock. On different levels, I appreciated sound-tripping to the music of Smashing Pumpkins, Metallica, and Tool which to me are among the reputed bands whose members are downright authentic as quality musicians. In their mainstream hits such as ‘1979’, ‘Cherub Rock’, ‘Sad But True’,

Great Expectations Essay Example for Free

Great Expectations Essay The audience have witnessed the pursuit, and had a brief glance at the face of the convict they have seen the airborne geese above the marshes, and they want to know what will happen When examining the film, one has to regard the social context in which the film was made. Leans version was created the year after the Second World War. People would probably need their morale boosted after the six years of conflict, and the film was probably intended to make people feel happier. In the closing stages of the Lean film, Pip meets Estella in Miss Havershams house. He pulls down the curtain, lighting the room, and shouts at Estella look around you death and decay you do not belong here you must get away from this place come with me into the sunlight. I believe that this is a metaphor; death and decay is the war and Estella represents the people of Britain. They can come out into the sunlight, and leave the war behind them. Lean is reminding the audience that they can forget the war, and go on to lead new lives. Lean also attempts to put across a moral message. When Pip is a child his conscience speaks to him and the audience. As he makes his way downstairs to steal the food there is a voice whispering, wake up Mrs. Joe, wake up Mrs. Joe, wake up Mrs. Joe. This effect does appear in the original text, every crack in every board calling after me stop thief! and Get up Mrs Joe. A similar device is that of the talking cows. Lean uses this, but again, Marchant decides not to, preferring a more realistic approach. The cows provide an element of humour in the film, but I feel that in the book they were included mainly to give the audience a glimpse of Pips conscience and not to provide comedy. This also gives the film a touch of originality. Before the 1940s a large amount of film sound was simple and ill-conceived the audience saw a car, therefore the audience should hear a car. Consequently, when the audience saw a cow, they were probably expecting to hear cow, not a human voice. Now, however, in an age when talking animals appear in most childrens television programs, the modern audiences are not likely to be surprised by the effect. Another aspect to take in consideration is the media for which the productions were originally created. The BBC version was written for the television, bringing the characters into the home. I assume that Leans film was originally created for the cinema. Lean shows this in many ways. The modern audience can recognize that aspects such as the silhouetted gibbets would have a greater impact when shown on the large screen. Both films are set many decades before the dates they were made, and neither audience had experiences of the period in which the story was set. Marchants version is an attempt at an accurate historical representation of the Victorian age. I feel that Lean decided to concentrate more on storyline, and the following of Dickens text rather than being fixated in creating an accurate historical representation of Victorian Britain. Dickens had written from his own first hand experience of the era, so he knew what had happened. The descriptions of the characters in the text are very precise, and Lean has concentrated on creating the individuals that Dickens described. This is probably what the audience would expect. The post-war audience would want to look back on the age of empire in the way that Dickens did, but in the 1990s, a new approach is expected by the increasingly changing audience. Dickens is generally considered as boring and tedious, and the Marchant film attempts to give a fresh, 20th century makeover to one of Britains most celebrated authors. To conclude, I feel that, considering the circumstances in which it was made, Leans film was the more successful of the two. In post war Britain there was not a huge amount of money for making films, and there was limited technology available for the production. Materials were expensive and scarce, and could not be easily obtained. The film manages to make the opening sequence terrifying, exciting and tense, without using excessive violence or disturbing images. It manages to portray the novel in a realistic way, and his storyline is truer to the original than the BBC version. Sonya Shah Page 1 of 4 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Great Expectations section.

Impact of Non-Financial Resources

Impact of Non-Financial Resources TASK 1. Physical resources are the tangible resources used in a certain company or an organization. These resources makes their work processes more appealing and efficient. One the other hand, technological resources are the resources in which an organization or company uses to promote and increase efficiency in the company, sometimes these technological resources can also be used for security purposes. The following are the physical and technological resources needed in Mohammed’s company dealing with advertising and publishing:- The physical resources needed are: a building or a rented shop. The location of this building has to be in an area where it is possible for people to notice the company. The best area is in Qurm since there are a lot of residential areas, schools and other companies around that area. It is a busy area so if the company is located that area, it has a high possibility of being known all over Muscat and in couple of years it will expand to all around Oman if the business goes as planned. He should rent a shop for a while until the business goes well and in the meantime he should continue finding another area of which he should have his own building and not rent for his whole life since his business won’t be small for life but expansion of his company is his mission in life. Furniture. Furniture such as office tables and chairs are essential in a company. These furniture are the ones that provide appealing environment for a customer when entering the office. For instance, a customer gets in the office and already explained his/her problems to the receptionist and was told to wait, he/she would definitely expect to see a sofa or a chair in which he/she can sit as he/she was told to wait. The work environment also needs these furniture since a computer cannot just stay on the floor and expect a customer to deal with that company after seeing that. Appearance of the work area by the use of furniture is an essential thing to consider when starting up a new business. Fahmy Furniture LLC is the best place to get these furniture from since they have good quality furniture with reasonable prices. Filing system is also needed in certain situations so, shelves are also appropriate and can be also found in this company. Toilet equipments. These are essential because every human has to visit the toilet eventually at any time. These can be kept in both male and female sections of the toilet since the toilet cannot be bisexual and used by both genders. These can be bought from any local dealers who have provide with good quality and affordable prices. Toilet equipments meaning sinks and the actual toilet in which a person uses for specific reasons and the sink to wash hands after the usage of the toilet since it is healthy to do so. Safety equipments. In any company, there always have to be safety precautions in case of any emergency occurs. Safety equipments such as fire extinguishers should be installed around the office in case of any fire outbreak that might happen. These fire extinguishers have to be the ones that can switch off fire of any class. In publishing, papers are needed so as to portray all the work that a person kept effort in when wanting to advertise something that a person hired the company for. These papers are special since publishing a pamphlet or brochure isn’t done by normal A4 papers but with a required paper material needed for the process to take place. These papers can be bought online or imported from out of Oman and reach the office for the publication to take place. The company should have a trademark and a copyright protection that will avoid other people to use the same mark as their own. According to Wikipedia, â€Å"Trademark law is designed to fulfill the public policy objective of consumer protection, by preventing the public from being misled as to the origin or quality of a product or service.† The Omani Copyrights laws will actually help in this kind of situation since whenever someone copyrights the company’s work, the company will always be protected by having the law on their side. Technological resources needed include communication devices such as telephones. These devices are important in a way that the company is able to communicate with their clients in the progress of their work. Also communication is available to those people who are interested in knowing more about the company and wanting to know where it is located and making appointments. A contract with Oman Mobile will be suitable since they provide better landline services than any other networks in Oman. Computers. Computers are needed for the operational activities of the company in the process of advertising and publishing what a client hired them for. These computers are installed with a publishing software which it makes it easier for the designer to complete his/her work in a short while. Bear, J.H (n.d), â€Å"Desktop publishing software allows the user to rearrange text and graphics on screen, change typefaces as easily as changing shoes, and resize graphics on the fly, before finally committing a design to paper.† Computers are used when designing features that can be kept in brochures and pamphlets. Websites. A website is there to provide awareness of the company’s information. Since the technology is developing and most people are always surfing the internets, it is easier for them to know about the company online than going to them and ask them about their information. According to Wikipedia, â€Å"Electronic publishing has become common in scientific publishing where it has been argued that peer-reviewed scientific journals are in the process of being replaced by electronic publishing. It is also becoming common to distribute books, magazines, and newspapers to consumers through tablet reading devices, a market that is growing by millions each year,[1] generated by online vendors such as Apples iTunes bookstore, Amazons bookstore for Kindle, and books in the Google Play Bookstore.† Instagram accounts can be useful sometimes since it’s a new application and most people have it, they will be able to see the quality of publications and the previous contracts they had. Publication machines such as printers. These printers are used in the publication processes that requires brochures to be spread for the knowledge of what the client asked the company to advertise about. These publications act as an advertising tool and also advertising can be done through websites but all of these are choices done by the client himself/herself. Smoke detectors. In case of fire outbreak and nobody notices, the smoke detectors will detect the smoke since fire produces it. These smoke detectors will be installed with a water system which will automatically activate when there is fire in a certain area and an alarm will go on to alert the employees about it so they can put it off as soon as possible so as to avoid destruction of properties in the office. Projectors are needed so as to present what will be done to the clients. This presentation is to confirm what the company is doing and the client to say if it is okay or something else should be done with the publications and the advertising as per the contract agreement. Security cameras. These are to be installed so as to know every single person who came in the office and went out, and whenever something bad goes wrong such as theft, the cameras will definitely show you who did it since they record everything that’s happening in the office. In conclusion, the company will work according to efficiently since it has all the technological and physical resources. This will also depend on the human resources present in the company for the operations to work as planned. Without human resources, there won’t be a company since they are the ones responsible in operating all physical and technological resources. TASK 2. Human resource management is the process of hiring people who are qualified for a specific job. In order for Mohammed to manage the human resources, he should put job vacancies available for people to apply for. He can advertise them through newspapers, magazines or websites. Job descriptions and personal specifications are provided in these advertisements together with a job application form details on where to find them if they are not attached in the advertisement. After they apply, they are to go to the company for a job interview and go through a specific course if necessary. The person has to have all the necessary skills both personal and employability so as to get the job. If he/she passes the course, it is when he/she sits to discuss about the salary and starts to work after given a specific date to begin. Mohammed should know how to motivate his employees in remaining in the company for a long period of time. This process is called retention.Business Burrito (n.d), â€Å"When people arent motivated, they become less productive, less creative, less of an asset to your company.† He should have a promotion system by which an employee earns it for his/her hard work to the company. This will motivate other employees to work harder providing more work force to the company and the company to be known more by others and at the end they get their rewards on their hard work. Training should be provided to the employees through taking them to courses concerning a certain task since technology changes after a period of time. These courses can either be indoor or outdoor. Indoor meaning inside the country and city and outdoor meaning in a different country. Training Today (n.d),â€Å"Training is crucial because it: Educates workers about the effective use of technology, Ensures competitive edge in the market, Promotes safety and health among employees, Creates opportunities for career development and personal growth, an important factor in retaining workers Helps employers comply with laws and regulations, and Improves productivity and profitability† Through having this new knowledge on a certain job, it is easier for the company to attract more customers since the competitors won’t have the knowledge but when they know that the company has it and it is useful, they would go obtain the knowledge so as for the competition to be stable. Security guards are there to protect theft from happening. Competitors might act in unethical manner and hire people to steal things from the company and eventually getting them. Itcan happen when clients’ competitors would want to destroy the publications and eventually break in the company so as to get them. These guards are there to protect anything from happening to the company at any time. Physical resources are there to provide a good and appealing appearance to the society. These resources are noticed by people and they are satisfied by what they see so they agree to deal with the company. These people will spread the word to others and fortunately the company will gain more clients than before. The physical resources such as computers and printers makes work much easier and effective because they are essential in this kind of business that using free hands in drawing on papers and use them as publications to advertise to other people. This won’t generate a lot of clients because they would think that the company is too old fashioned and cannot afford the modern technology and has no knowledge of it. Technological resources improve the performance of a company in such a way that protection is provided to them through the security cameras and smoke detectors. This makes the work conditions safe for the employees to do their jobs without any threats coming between them. Having publication machinery makes it possible for work to be done in a certain period of time without asking other people to do it for you and pay them at the end. The machines help in production of the publication in a short period of time and get on with the next employee’s agreement. Good quality publications that are advertised can lead to the attraction of more customers into the company. Projectors will provide update to the clients through the presentation that is prepared by the company on what the company is getting at in the process of publication. The communication devices will make it possible for communications between the company and the customers when it comes to appointments and informing them on where the process of publishing and advertising has reached. This makes the customers to have trust which is a good thing and get to spread the word to others. In conclusion, all these human, physical and technological resources are very important things in a company. They cannot work without each other so without one, the other won’t work as effective as it used to be and the company won’t be successful as it hoped to be. TASK 3. It is true that managing resources and controlling budgets costs can improve the performance of the business. This happens when controlling a budget costs can also control the resources in a company which are all human, physical and technological resources. Consider human resources, instead of having more employees a company can only have two employees. Since Mohammed is the owner of the company, he has to recruit two employees who are able to do all the work needed in advertising and publications. Since the technology is growing, the only thing needed to know is how to design and put it out online for people to see it. They should have skills like sales and computer designs in conducting this kind of business. Courses are to be given to them if they lack one of these skills to reduce the cost of more employees and save money in paying more instead you just pay the two employees who keep working hand in hand helping each other. Online meaning in websites and mostly on Instagram since most people nowadays use most their time surfing the internet for information and some just for their own goods. When they see the advertisement, they wouldn’t mind looking at it and get a clear image of what the advertisement is about and maybe get interested in knowing more about it. In physical resources, the production of pamphlets and brochures should be stopped. The company has to stop the ordering of these papers used in the production process since they won’t be needed anymore. This will save more money because the cost of ordering these papers abroad includes the cost of shipping them and their prices are not cheap. Publication machinery won’t be of use since the production of brochures, flyers and pamphlets will be stopped. This is because due to the technology upraise, people read news and information online and not through papers as how it was few years back. In couple of years there will be no papers publications in advertising world so it’s better that the company starts that now. This will reduce the cost of buying machines and also the repairing and servicing of the machinery after a certain period of time. Technological resources are very hard to manage and control since they change every after a while and it is difficult to cope with it. Barton, R (2013), â€Å"Technology is innovating and expanding at an exponential rate. It’s difficult to grasp how dramatic is the growth of 2 x 2 x 2 x 2†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The only way that it’s possible to manage and control is by allowing the employees to get courses of these new technology in the world and eventually apply them in the operations of a company in advertising. Controlling resources will lead to managing the budget cost since he won’t paying more employees, not buying more machinery that would need services after a period of time and it also costs money. This money that will be saved can be invested in more of the company’s activities than using it in areas that might be of waste. These activities include expansion of the office to a better location or bigger office and getting known all around a targeted area. According to the consumption and saving of money during controlling and managing both resources and budget costs, it is the right way to conduct business since it makes the company get more than what it uses. Mohammed should consider doing this if he doesn’t want to have risks in his business operations since this will make him use less money and gain more than he expects. REFERENCES. Barton, R (2013). Technology’s Explosion: The Exponential Growth Rate. Retrieved on November 25, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.mstech.com/nh-it-blog.php?show=171 Bear, J.H (n.d). Why is Desktop Publishing Important? Retrieved on November 23, 2014. Retrieved from http://desktoppub.about.com/cs/beginners/f/why_dtp.htm Business Burrito (n.d). Employee Motivation. Why Motivating Your Employees is Important. Retrieved on November 24, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.businessburrito.com/why-is-employee-motivation-important.html Training Today (n.d). Employee Training. Retrieved on November 24, 2014. Retrieved from http://trainingtoday.blr.com/employee-training-topics/Employee-Training Wikipedia (n.d). Electronic Publishing. Overview. Retrieved on November 24, 2014. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_publishing Wikipedia (n.d). Trademark. Public Policy. Retrieved on November 23, 2014. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademark

Nursing: Lifting, Transferring And Positioning Of Patients Essay

Nursing: Lifting, Transferring and Positioning of Patients ABSTRACT Lifting, transferring and positioning of patients is frequently undertaken by nurses on each working day. This is necessary for patient comfort, medical reasons and completion of self care needs. Lifting can be done in numerous ways. As well as the nurse physically lifting or moving patients, a number of devices are also available to assist in the transfer of patients. These range from straps that are attached to or placed under the patients, to mechanical hoists and lifters. Any assistance the nurse has is beneficial for both the patient and the health care worker, as patient's weights are generally heavier than the nurses physical capabilities. This, combined with incorrect lifting techniques, can result in muscle strain, or more seriously, spinal injury for the nurse, and discomfort, muscle strain or further injury for the patient. INTRODUCTION When lifting, transferring or positioning patients, the most important consideration is safety. Any of these procedures need to be undertaken with it in mind. This safety is inclusive of both the patient and the health care worker. Communication is an important part of the lifting process as the nurse should elicit information from the client to find out how and when they prefer to be moved. This allows the patient to be involved in the decision making process and be fully aware of what is occurring. By communicating with the client, the nurse is also aware of whether or not the patient is experiencing any discomfort during or after the lift. The actions of lifting, transferring or positioning need to be completed for numerous reasons, including relief of pressure points. Due to the patient being in one position continuously, they are prone to the development of pressure areas. In terms of patient needs, being in the same position constantly is physically uncomfortable. However, mentally, a change in the immediate surroundings is also beneficial for the patient. It is also necessary for the patient to be moved for completion of their self care needs. This includes their hygiene needs, which include, bathing or showering, elimination, hair, oral and nail care. METHOD When lifting, transferring or positioning patients manually, safety is the most important factor. This safety is for the nurse thems... ... of using the lifters there may not be as much manual lifting necessary. Education about manual handling is also vital to ensure correct lifting techniques are used. Constant re-evaluation of the staff's abilities and methods would ensure safety for both parties involved. This would make staff aware that the least amount of strain placed on the muscles and joints as possible is beneficial to them. The re-evaluation is also important in the fact that it allows the health care worker to be constantly up to date on any new procedures which may be developed. REFERENCES Kozier, B., Erb, G., Blais, K., Wilkinson, J.M. 1995, {italics on} Fundamentals of Nursing {italics off}, 5th Edition, Addison Wesley Publishing Company Inc., United States of America. Love, C. 1995, 'Managing manual handling in clinical situations', {italics on} Nursing Times {italics off}, vol. 91, no. 26, pp. 38-39. Scott, A. 1995, 'Improving patient moving and handling skills', {italics on} Professional Nurse {italics off}, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 105-110. Seymour, J. 1995, 'Handling Aids - Lifting and moving patients', {italics on} Nursing Times {italics off}, vol. 91, no. 27, pp. 48-50.

What´s Rituximab Therapy? Essay -- Alternate Treatment, Biology, Antib

A relatively newer biologic, rituximab provides an alternative strategy for treating the presenting patient. A genetically engineered chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab exerts it therapeutic action by selectively targeting CD-20 positive B-cells1212, 18. As CD-20 is expressed exclusively on pre-B and mature B lymphocytes; stem cells and plasma cells are not implicated in rituximab therapy. The over expression of B-cells expressing the CD-20 surface antigen in the synovium of RA-affected joints has been well established18. The potential mechanisms by which these B-cells contribute to the immunopathogenesis of RA are as follows: they can act as antigen presenting cells, secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines (including tumour necrosis factor-alpha), and generate rheumatoid factor (RF) and other auto-antibodies whilst also activating T cells12. Hence, the rituximab mediated depletion of B-cells is thought to prevent these potential mechanisms from occurring thus controlling the progression of the disease18. Rituximab therapy consists of two 1000mg infusions, given two weeks apart at intervals of no less than 2 weeks. The projected cost of a single course of rituximab therapy is around  £349211 and if clinically efficient would offer the patient a more convenient dosing schedule compared to Anti-TNF therapy. The annual cost does however depend on how often the patient is required to undergo a course of rituximab therapy11. An RCT aimed at investigating different rituximab dosing regimens in methotrexate resistant patients referred to as the DANCER trial, provides significant evidence conveying the potential benefit of rituximab therapy19. As part of the trial, patients received rituximab 500MG, rituximab 1000mg or placeb... ...50 (7): 754--766. 27. Kaneko A. Tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis: efficacy, safety and its place in therapy.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease. 2013; 4 (1): 15--21. 28. An M, Zou Z, Shen H, Zhang J, Cao Y, Jiang Y. The addition of tocilizumab to DMARD therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2010; 66 (1): 49--59. 29. Schmitt C, Kuhn B, Zhang X, Kivitz A, Grange S. Disease--drug--drug interaction involving tocilizumab and simvastatin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 2011; 89 (5): 735--740. 30. Ding T, Ledingham J, Luqmani R, Westlake S, Hyrich K, Lunt M, Kiely P, Bukhari M, Abernethy R, Bosworth A, Others. BSR and BHPR rheumatoid arthritis guidelines on safety of anti-TNF therapies.Rheumatology. 2010; 49 (11): 2217--2219.

Memory Techniques Essay

1. Organize – List facts in alphabetical or chronological order. Get a general idea of the textbook material, note the simple to complex and general to specific. Logical facts are easier to remember. 2. Make It Meaningful – Look for connections in what you are studying. For example, packing a parachute by itself can be boring, however, the excitement of jumping out of a plane gives a whole new meaning to this process. Focusing on the â€Å"Big Picture† helps provide meaning to the learning process and stimulates us to remember. 3. Create Associations – Associate something new with something you already know. This creates a building process in your memory bank. If you already know a Bill Smith think of the Bill you know and associate him with the new Bill Smith. 4. Learn It Actively – People remember 90 percent of what they do, 75 percent of what they see and 20 percent of what they hear. This saying is very accurate, as action is a proven memory enhancer. Move your hands, pace back and forth and use gestures as you recite a passage. If your body is actively involved it will help you to remember. 5. Relax – Eating proper foods, avoiding caffeine before an exam and getting proper exercise will help you relax and feel more confident. Relaxing will enhance your ability to recall facts faster, with more clarity, and you will feel better overall. 6. Create Pictures – Draw diagrams, make up cartoons. Use them to connect facts and illustrate relationships. When abstract concepts can be â€Å"seen† they are much easier to remember. You can be as creative as you want, as long as you understand your scribble. 7. Recite and Repeat – When you repeat something out loud you anchor the concept better by using two or more of your senses. Repetition is the â€Å"Mother† of learning. If you use more than one sense you create a â€Å"synergistic† effect which is powerful memory technique. If you recite out loud in your own words, memory is enhanced even more! 8. Write It Down – Writing notes to ourselves help us to remember. If we write down an idea or a passage several times, in different areas, we increase our chances to remember. 9. Reduce Interference – Find an area free from distractions. Studies show that most students study more effectively in a quiet area in 1 hour than in a noisy area in 2 hours. 10. Over-learn – When you think you got it don’t quit. Don’t miss a chance to review just one more time. Ever hear the expression â€Å"I beat that subject to death!† Do It! 11. Review Notes the Same Day – Studies prove that in order for us to store information â€Å"long term† it must be reviewed within 24 hrs. or less. By getting in the habit of same day review, we increase the chances of remembering by over 70 percent! 12. Use Daylight – This method is particularly effective for weekend study and review. Study the most difficult subjects during daylight hours. For many students the early morning hours can be especially productive and will stimulate the memory process. 13. Distribute Learning – Research suggest marathon study sessions (3 hrs. or more) are not as effective as light study sessions (1-2 hrs.) which are distributed at different times during the week. Take frequent breaks. Some students can study 50 minutes or more, others need to stop after 30 minutes. Try to distribute your length of study in the same rhythm as your classes (50/10/50). Give yourself rewards, you’ve earned it! 14. Keep a Positive Attitude – Studies prove that if you repeat to yourself negative feelings about a subject you increase your chances to fail! Since we all want to succeed, â€Å"Trash negative† and replace with â€Å"Positive Thoughts.† For example, replace â€Å"I can’t do it† with â€Å"It’s not easy, but I am tough and I accept this challenge.† Prove you can and you will! This is a self-fulfilling prophecy as attitude directly effects the memory! 15. Go On an â€Å"Information Diet† – Just as we avoid certain foods, we can choose what not to retain. Extract core concepts, study what you will be tested on, abbreviate large passages of information into easy to digest phrases, this will help you remember. 16. Combine Memory Techniques – All of the memory techniques work better when combined. You can over learn a formula, sing about a famous person, think positive thoughts about subjects, use sight, sound, and ot her methods to sharpen your memory. 17. Remember Something Else – When you are stuck and can’t remember, think of something related to the information. For example if you cannot remember a name, think about what the person did, what period they lived or who they associated with. Write down what you do know and soon it will trigger facts that you are trying to recall. This technique really works! 18. Note When You Don’t Remember – If you tried some memory techniques that do not seem to work, it’s all-right. Try an experiment with other techniques and use what is best for you and not what works for a classmate. Be a reporter, get the facts, find out what works and what doesn’t. Congratulate and reward yourself when you do remember. 19. Use It Before You Loose It – Information stored in the long-term memory may become difficult to recall if you don’t use it. Simply read it, write it, speak about it and/or apply it. This is especially effective when you have to recall formulas or facts from a previous course. The 101 course information may be used in a 102 course. Therefore, retain your notes, the old text, and keep the information fresh with a review. 20. Affirmation of Your Good Memory Helps You to Remember – When you are sharp and recall all the facts, accept compliments! When you do not recall the facts, think that you know it, you can remember, and the facts will come to you. You may have to use various techniques to help you remember but never give up! You truly â€Å"never forget.† Those facts will eventually â€Å"come to you.† Keep studying, try again and they will!